The domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a domesticated subspecies of the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. The chicken is one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a population of more than 19 billion in 2011.[1] Chickens are found in almost all parts of the world, and have been bred for various purposes, including meat, eggs, and feathers.

The domestication of chickens began in Southeast Asia, where the red junglefowl is native. Chickens were first domesticated in China around 10,000 years ago, and then spread to other parts of Asia and Europe. By the 16th century, chickens had been introduced to the Americas and Africa by European explorers.[2][3]

Chickens have had a significant impact on human society. They have provided food, clothing, and shelter for humans, and have also been used for religious and cultural purposes. Chickens have been depicted in art, literature, and music for centuries, and continue to be an important part of human lives today.

The domestication of chickens is one of the most significant examples of how humans have reshaped the world. By selectively breeding chickens for desired traits, humans have created a new species of animal that is well suited to their needs. Chickens are now one of the most important sources of food and clothing in the world, and they have also played a role in the development of human culture and society.