* O Horizon: The uppermost layer, consisting of organic matter like leaves and decaying plant material.
* A Horizon: The topsoil, rich in organic matter, minerals, and nutrients.
* E Horizon: A zone of leaching, where minerals and organic matter are washed out. This horizon is not always present.
* B Horizon: The subsoil, where minerals and clays accumulate from the layers above.
* C Horizon: The parent material from which the soil developed. It is less weathered than the layers above and may still resemble the original rock.
What Lies Beneath the C Horizon?
Below the C horizon, you reach the R horizon, which is bedrock. This is the solid, unweathered rock that formed the parent material for the soil above. It can be igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rock, depending on the geological history of the area.
Important Note: The soil profile can vary greatly depending on the environment, climate, and geological history of a particular location. Some soil profiles may have additional horizons or variations within the standard horizons described above.
