While many people throughout history contributed to the understanding of the Earth revolving around the Sun, the most significant figure associated with this idea is Nicolaus Copernicus.

Copernicus, a Polish astronomer, published his groundbreaking work "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) in 1543. This book presented a heliocentric model of the solar system, which placed the Sun at the center and the Earth and other planets orbiting around it.

Although Copernicus wasn't the first to propose the heliocentric model (the ancient Greeks had already theorized it), his detailed and well-argued model was instrumental in challenging the prevailing geocentric view of the universe, which placed the Earth at the center.

While Copernicus laid the groundwork, it was the work of later astronomers like Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler that provided further evidence and solidified the heliocentric model as the accepted view of the solar system.