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  • Planetary Landings: A History of Spacecraft Successes
    Spacecraft have successfully landed on the following planets:

    * Venus: Venera series of probes by the Soviet Union (1960s-1980s)

    * Mars:

    * Viking 1 and 2 landers by the United States (1976)

    * Pathfinder, Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity, Insight, and Perseverance rovers by the United States (1997-present)

    * Moon:

    * Luna series of probes by the Soviet Union (1959-1976)

    * Surveyor series of probes by the United States (1966-1968)

    * Apollo missions by the United States (1969-1972)

    * China's Chang'e-3 and Chang'e-4 landers (2013, 2019)

    * India's Chandrayaan-2 lander (2019)

    Note: While spacecraft have flown by, orbited, or even entered the atmosphere of other planets like Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, a successful landing has not been achieved on any of those planets.

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