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  • Aryabhata: The Pioneering Indian Astronomer Who Calculated Earth's Orbit
    The Indian astronomer who first accurately calculated the time taken by Earth to orbit the Sun was Aryabhata.

    While his calculations were not perfectly accurate by modern standards, they were remarkably close for his time. In his work, Aryabhatiya, he calculated the length of the sidereal year (the time it takes the Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun relative to the stars) to be 365 days, 6 hours, 12 minutes, and 30 seconds. This is very close to the modern value of 365.256 days.

    It's important to note that:

    * Earlier astronomers: There were other Indian astronomers before Aryabhata, like Bhaskara I and Varahamihira, who also made significant contributions to astronomy and calculated the length of the year. However, Aryabhata's calculation was considered more accurate at the time.

    * Modern accuracy: Modern measurements, aided by technology, have refined the length of the sidereal year to be even more precise.

    Aryabhata's work had a significant impact on the development of astronomy in India and beyond, influencing later astronomers and mathematicians.

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