The spacecraft that provided the initial data for NASA scientists to determine future mission landing sites on the Moon were the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS).

* LRO is a robotic spacecraft that has been orbiting the Moon since 2009. It has provided high-resolution images of the lunar surface, along with topographic data and measurements of the lunar environment. This data has been invaluable for identifying potential landing sites for future missions.

* LCROSS was a mission that launched in 2009 and impacted the Moon's south pole in 2009. The mission's primary objective was to search for water ice at the lunar poles, but it also provided valuable data on the composition and structure of the lunar surface.

While other missions, like the Apollo missions, provided valuable data, LRO and LCROSS were critical for developing the detailed understanding of the lunar surface needed to select landing sites for future missions.