* Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion: Johannes Kepler, a German astronomer, formulated three laws of planetary motion. The second law states that a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. This means that when a planet is closer to the sun, it moves faster in its orbit.
* Gravitational Force: The sun's gravity exerts a stronger pull on planets that are closer to it. This stronger pull causes the planets to accelerate and travel at a higher speed.
* Orbital Velocity: The speed at which a planet orbits the sun is called its orbital velocity. The closer a planet is to the sun, the higher its orbital velocity. Since they are moving faster, they complete their orbit around the sun in a shorter period of time, resulting in a shorter year.
Analogy: Imagine a spinning ice skater. When the skater brings their arms close to their body, they spin faster. Similarly, the planets closer to the sun experience a stronger gravitational pull, making them spin faster around the sun, resulting in shorter years.
