* Redshift: The light from distant galaxies is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum due to the expansion of the universe. This is called redshift. The farther away a galaxy is, the more its light is redshifted.
* Apparent Brightness: Since galaxy 1 is twice as far away as galaxy 2, it will appear four times dimmer. This is because the intensity of light decreases with the square of the distance.
* Size: Both galaxies will appear smaller in the sky due to their distance. Galaxy 1 will appear half the size of galaxy 2 because it's twice as far away.
* Age: Because light takes time to travel, we are seeing galaxy 1 as it was a longer time ago than galaxy 2. This means we are seeing galaxy 1 at an earlier stage in its evolution.
In summary, here's how the properties of galaxy 1 would compare to galaxy 2:
* Redshift: Galaxy 1 will have a higher redshift than galaxy 2.
* Brightness: Galaxy 1 will be four times dimmer than galaxy 2.
* Size: Galaxy 1 will appear half the size of galaxy 2.
* Age: We are seeing galaxy 1 at a younger age than galaxy 2.
Important Note: It's worth remembering that these are just general relationships. The exact properties of each galaxy will depend on its individual characteristics, such as its size, mass, and star formation rate.
