Here's why:
* Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: The force of gravity between the Sun and a planet is not constant as the planet moves in its orbit. This means the planet's speed also changes throughout its orbit.
* Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion: Kepler's First Law states that planets orbit the Sun in elliptical paths with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse. This means the planet is closer to the Sun at some points in its orbit and farther away at other points.
While the orbits are elliptical, they are often close to circular. For example, Earth's orbit is only slightly elliptical, with an eccentricity of about 0.017. However, some planets have more eccentric orbits, like Mercury, which has an eccentricity of about 0.21.