Here's the breakdown:
* Sunspots: Galileo did observe and document sunspots, challenging the prevailing belief of a perfect and unchanging Sun.
* Moon Mountains and Valleys: While Galileo observed the Moon in detail and drew sketches, he did not discover mountains and valleys. Those were discovered by later astronomers using more advanced telescopes. Galileo's observations helped lay the groundwork for these later discoveries, though.
In summary, Galileo's observations of the Sun and Moon were groundbreaking, but the discovery of lunar features like mountains and valleys came later.
