Landers:
* Viking 1 and 2 (1976): These were the first successful US landers on Mars, taking iconic pictures and searching for signs of life.
* Pathfinder (1997): This mission carried the Sojourner rover, the first to roam the Martian surface.
* Phoenix (2008): This lander studied the Martian arctic, searching for evidence of past water.
* Curiosity (2012): This rover is still active, exploring Gale Crater and searching for signs of ancient life.
* InSight (2018): This lander focused on studying the Martian interior.
* Perseverance (2021): This rover is currently exploring Jezero Crater and collecting samples for future return to Earth.
Additionally:
* The Soviet Union's Mars 3 (1971) and Mars 6 (1973) attempted landings, but communication was lost shortly after touchdown.
So, it depends on what you're looking for! If you want the first successful landings, it's Viking 1 and 2. If you want the most recent, it's Perseverance and InSight. Let me know if you want to know more about a specific mission!
