The transition from the geocentric model (Earth-centered) to the heliocentric model (Sun-centered) is referred to as the Copernican Revolution.

While the idea of a Sun-centered universe was proposed by ancient Greek philosophers like Aristarchus of Samos, it was Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century who revived and developed this model, publishing his book "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres).

His work, along with observations made by later astronomers like Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler, eventually led to the widespread acceptance of the heliocentric model.