The most famous example of this is Mercury. It takes 59 Earth days to rotate once on its axis, and the same amount of time to orbit the Sun. This means one side of Mercury always faces the Sun, resulting in scorching temperatures, while the other side faces away from the Sun and experiences freezing temperatures.
Other planets that could potentially be tidally locked include:
* Exoplanets: Many exoplanets, especially those orbiting close to their stars, are likely to be tidally locked. However, we don't have direct observations of their surface temperatures yet.
* Moons: Some moons in our solar system, like Europa, Io, and Titan, are also tidally locked to their respective planets. This means one side of the moon always faces the planet, leading to temperature differences between the two hemispheres.
It's important to note that the temperature differences between the hot and cold sides of a tidally locked planet or moon can be extreme. For instance, Mercury's surface temperature can vary from 430°C (800°F) on the sunlit side to -173°C (-279°F) on the dark side.
