The Moon does not have an atmosphere, water bodies or any tectonic activity. So, it becomes easier for scientists to study the craters formed eons ago. By analyzing the size, depth, shape, type and density of the craters formed on the Moon, scientists have realized that several huge craters on Earth including Chicxulub Crater, which is responsible for wiping off dinosaurs 66 million years ago, would have made similar large impact craters on the Moon.

However, no such colossal impact craters are found on the Moon, which means the Earth escaped some asteroid impacts by a tiny fraction. Therefore, the existence and analysis of craters on the Moon have helped us understand the impact histories of both the Moon and the Earth.